Using the FiftyOne App¶

The FiftyOne App is a powerful graphical user interface that enables you to visualize, browse, and interact directly with your datasets.

App environments¶

The FiftyOne App can be used in any environment that you’re working in, from a local IPython shell, to a remote machine or cloud instance, to a Jupyter or Colab notebook. Check out the environments guide for best practices when working in each environment.

Sessions¶

The basic FiftyOne workflow is to open a Python shell and load a Dataset. From there you can launch the FiftyOne App and interact with it programmatically via a session.

Creating a session¶

You can launch an instance of the App by calling launch_app(). This method returns a Session instance, which you can subsequently use to interact programmatically with the App!

import fiftyone as fo

session = fo.launch_app()

App sessions are highly flexible. For example, you can launch launch multiple App instances and connect multiple App instances to the same dataset.

By default, when you’re working in a non-notebook context, the App will be opened in a new tab of your web browser. See this FAQ for supported browsers.

There is also a desktop App that you can install if you would like to run the App as a desktop application.

Note

fo.launch_app() will launch the App asynchronously and return control to your Python process. The App will then remain connected until the process exits.

Therefore, if you are using the App in a script, you should use session.wait() to block execution until you close it manually:

# Launch the App
session = fo.launch_app(...)

# (Perform any additional operations here)

# Blocks execution until the App is closed
session.wait()

Note

If you are a Windows user launching the App from a script, you should use the pattern below to avoid multiprocessing issues, since the App is served via a separate process:

import fiftyone as fo

dataset = fo.load_dataset(...)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    # Ensures that the App processes are safely launched on Windows
    session = fo.launch_app(dataset)
    session.wait()

Updating a session’s dataset¶

Sessions can be updated to show a new Dataset by updating the Session.dataset property of the session object:

import fiftyone.zoo as foz

dataset = foz.load_zoo_dataset("cifar10")

# View the dataset in the App
session.dataset = dataset

Updating a session’s view¶

You can also show a specific view into the current dataset in the App by setting the Session.view property of the session.

For example, the command below loads a DatasetView in the App that shows the first 10 samples in the dataset sorted by their uniqueness field:

session.view = dataset.sort_by("uniqueness").limit(10)

Remote sessions¶

If your data is stored on a remote machine, you can forward a session from the remote machine to your local machine and seemlessly browse your remote dataset from you web browser.

Check out the environments page for more information on possible configurations of local/remote/cloud data and App access.

Remote machine¶

On the remote machine, you can load a Dataset and launch a remote session using either the Python library or the CLI.

Load a Dataset and call launch_app() with the remote=True argument.

# On remote machine

import fiftyone as fo

dataset = fo.load_dataset("<dataset-name>")

session = fo.launch_app(dataset, remote=True)  # optional: port=XXXX

You can use the optional port parameter to choose the port of your remote machine on which to serve the App. The default is 5151, which can also be customized via the default_app_port parameter of your FiftyOne config.

You can also provide the optional address parameter to restrict the hostnames/IP addresses that can connect to your remote session. See this page for more information.

Note that you can manipulate the session object on the remote machine as usual to programmatically interact with the App instance that you’ll connect to locally next.

Run the fiftyone app launch command in a terminal:

# On remote machine

fiftyone app launch <dataset-name> --remote  # optional: --port XXXX

You can use the optional --port flag to choose the port of your remote machine on which to serve the App. The default is 5151, which can also be customized via the default_app_port parameter of your FiftyOne config.

Local machine¶

On the local machine, you can access an App instance connected to the remote session by either manually configuring port forwarding or via the FiftyOne CLI:

Open a new terminal window on your local machine and execute the following command to setup port forwarding to connect to your remote session:

# On local machine
ssh -N -L 5151:127.0.0.1:XXXX [<username>@]<hostname>

Leave this process running and open http://localhost:5151 in your browser to access the App.

In the above, [<username>@]<hostname> specifies the remote machine to connect to, XXXX refers to the port that you chose when you launched the session on your remote machine (the default is 5151), and 5151 specifies the local port to use to connect to the App (and can be customized).

If you have FiftyOne installed on your local machine, you can use the CLI to automatically configure port forwarding and open the App in your browser as follows:

# On local machine
fiftyone app connect --destination [<username>@]<hostname>

If you choose a custom port XXXX on the remote machine, add a --port XXXX flag to the above command.

If you would like to use a custom local port to serve the App, add a --local-port YYYY flag to the above command.

Note

Remote sessions are highly flexible. For example, you can connect to multiple remote sessions and run multiple remote sessions from one machine.

Fields¶

Any labels, tags, and scalar fields can be overlaid on the samples in the App by toggling the corresponding display options on the lefthand side of the App.

Filtering sample fields¶

The App provides UI elements in both grid view and expanded sample view that you can use to filter your dataset. To view the available filter options for a field, click the caret icon to the right of the field’s name.

Whenever you modify a filter element, the App will automatically update to show only those samples and/or labels that match the filter.

Note

Did you know? When you have applied filter(s) in the App, a bookmark icon appears in the top-left corner of the sample grid. Click this button to convert your filters to an equivalent set of stage(s) in the view bar!

Using the view bar¶

The view bar makes all of the powerful searching, sorting, and filtering operations provided by dataset views available directly in the App.

Note

Any changes to the current view that you make in the view bar are automatically reflected in the DatasetView exposed by the Session.view property of the App’s session object.

Viewing a sample¶

Click a sample to open an expanded view of the sample. This modal also contains information about the fields of the Sample and allows you to access the raw JSON description of the sample.

Using the image visualizer¶

The image visualizer allows you to interactively visualize images along with their associated labels. When you hover over an image in the visualizer, a head-up display (HUD) appears with a control bar providing various options.

For example, you can zoom in/out and pan around an image by scrolling and click-dragging with your mouse or trackpad. You can also zoom tightly into the currently visible (or selected) labels by clicking on the Crop icon in the controls HUD or using the z keyboard shortcut. Press ESC to reset your view.

When multiple labels are overlayed on top of each other, the up and down arrows offer a convenient way to rotate the z-order of the labels that your cursor is hovering over, so every label and it’s tooltip can be viewed.

The settings icon in the controls HUD contains a variety of options for customizing the rendering of your labels, including whether to show object labels, confidences, or the tooltip. The default settings for these parameters can be configured via the App config.

Keyboard shortcuts are availble for almost every action. Click the ? icon in the controls HUD or use the ? keyboard shortcut to display the list of available actions and their associated hotkeys.

Note

When working in Jupyter/Colab notebooks, you can hold down the SHIFT key when zoom-scrolling or using the arrow keys to navigate between samples/labels to restrict your inputs to the App and thus prevent them from also affecting your browser window.

Using the video visualizer¶

The video visualizer offers all of the same functionality as the image visualizer, as well as some convenient actions and shortcuts for navigating through a video and its labels.

There are a variety of additional video-specific keyboard shortcuts. For example, you can press the spacebar to play/pause the video, and you can press 0, 1, …, 9 to seek to the 0%, 10%, …, 90% timestamp in the video. When the video is paused, you can use < and > to navigate frame-by-frame through the video.

Click the ? icon in the controls HUD or use the ? keyboard shortcut to display the list of available actions and their associated hotkeys.

All of the same options in the image settings are available in the video settings menu in the controls HUD, as well as additional options like whether to show frame numbers rather than timestamp in the HUD. The default settings for all such parameters can be configured via the App config.

Playback rate and volume are also available in the video controls HUD. Clicking on one of the icons resets the setting to the default. And when hovering, a slider appears to adjust the setting manually.

Note

Did you know? The video visualizer streams frame data on-demand, which means that playback begins as soon as possible and even heavyweight label types like segmentations are supported!

Note

When working in Jupyter/Colab notebooks, you can hold down the SHIFT key when zoom-scrolling or using the arrow keys to navigate between samples/labels to restrict your inputs to the App and thus prevent them from also affecting your browser window.

Statistics tabs¶

The Sample tags, Label tags, Labels, and Scalars tabs in the App let you visualize different statistics about your dataset.

Note

The statistics in these tabs automatically update to reflect the current view that you have loaded in the App, or the entire dataset if no view is loaded.

The Sample tags and Label tags tabs show the distribution of any tags that you’ve added to your dataset.

The Labels tab shows the class distributions for each labels field that you’ve added to your dataset. For example, you may have histograms of ground truth labels and one more sets of model predictions.

The Scalars tab shows distributions for numeric (integer or float) or categorical (e.g., string) primitive fields that you’ve added to your dataset. For example, if you computed uniqueness on your dataset, a histogram of uniqueness values will be displayed under the Scalars tab.

Selecting samples¶

As previously explained, the Session object created when you launch the App lets you interact with the App from your Python process.

One common workflow is to select samples visually in the App and then access the data for the selected samples in Python. To perform this workflow, first select some samples in the App:

The selected samples checkmark in the options row in the upper-left corner of the sample grid records the number of samples that you have currently selected. You can also take actions such as updating the view to only show (or exclude) the currently selected samples.

Tagging also automatically applies to selected samples or their labels when any samples are selected. See tagging for more details.

You can also access the Session.selected property of your session to retrieve the IDs of the currently selected samples in the App:

# Print the IDs of the currently selected samples
print(session.selected)

# Create a view containing only the selected samples
selected_view = dataset.select(session.selected)

['5ef0eef405059ebb0ddfa6cc',
 '5ef0eef405059ebb0ddfa7c4',
 '5ef0eef405059ebb0ddfa86e',
 '5ef0eef405059ebb0ddfa93c']

Selecting labels¶

You can also use the App to select individual labels within samples. You can use this functionality to visually show/hide labels of interest in the App; or you can access the data for the selected labels from Python, for example by creating a DatasetView that includes/excludes the selected labels.

To perform this workflow, open the expanded sample view by clicking on a sample in the App. Then click on individual labels to select them:

Selected labels will appear with dotted lines around them. The example above shows selecting an object detection, but classifications, polygons, polylines, segmentations, and keypoints can be selected as well.

When you have selected labels in the App, you can use the selected labels options in the upper-right (the orange checkmark button) to hide these labels from view or exclude all other labels.

You can also access the Session.selected_labels property of your session to retrieve information about the currently selected labels in the App:

# Print information about the currently selected samples in the App
fo.pprint(session.selected_labels)

# Create a view containing only the selected labels
selected_view = dataset.select_labels(session.selected_labels)

# Create a view containing everything except the selected labels
excluded_view = dataset.exclude_labels(session.selected_labels)

[
    {
        'object_id': '5f99d2eb36208058abbfc02a',
        'sample_id': '5f99d2eb36208058abbfc030',
        'field': 'ground_truth',
    },
    {
        'object_id': '5f99d2eb36208058abbfc02b',
        'sample_id': '5f99d2eb36208058abbfc030',
        'field': 'ground_truth',
    },
    ...
]

Tags and tagging¶

Tagging is a first-class citizen in FiftyOne, as both Sample and Label instances have a tags attribute that you can use to store arbitrary string tags for your data.

The FiftyOne API provides methods like tag_samples() and tag_labels() that you can use to programmatically manage the tags on your dataset. However, the App also provides a convenient UI for interactively adding, removing, and filtering by Sample and Label tags.

You can tag or untag batches of samples/labels in the App by clicking on the tag icon above the sample grid.

For example, take the following steps to tag all labels in the predictions field of a dataset:

Make sure that predictions is the only Label field checked in the filters sidebar
Click the tag icon in the top-left corner of the grid
Select Labels, type in the tag, and then click Apply

You can also use the tag menu to remove existing tags.

Note

Any tagging operations that you perform using the tagging UI above the sample grid will be applied to your current view, respecting any filters or show/hide checkboxes you have applied in the filters sidebar, unless you have selected individual samples, in which case the operation will only apply to the selected samples.

The App also supports tagging data in individual samples when you have opened the expanded sample view by clicking on a sample. The tag icon is located in the top-right corner of the modal.

Note

Any tagging operations that you perform using the tagging UI in expanded sample mode will be applied to the current sample, respecting any filters or show/hide checkboxes you have applied, unless you have selected individual labels, in which case the operation will only apply to the selected labels. The latter may span multiple samples.

If your dataset has sample or label tags, you can use the SAMPLE TAGS and LABEL TAGS sections of the filters sidebar to filter by your tags.

When you click the eye icon next to a sample tag, your view will update to only include samples with the tag(s) you have selected. When you click the eye icon next to a label tag, your view will update to only include labels with tag(s) you have selected, and any samples with no matches will be automatically excluded.

Note

Did you know? When you have applied filter(s) in the App, a save icon appears in the top-left corner of the sample grid. Clicking this button will convert your filters to an equivalent set of stage(s) in the view bar!

Viewing object patches¶

Whenever you load a dataset in the App that contains label list fields in Detections or Polylines format, you can use the patches menu to create a view into your data that contains one sample per object patch in a specified label field of your dataset.

To switch to patches view, simply click the patches icon above the sample grid in the App, toggle to the Labels submenu, and then choose the field whose object patches you want to view. After you make a selection, a new ToPatches view stage will be appended to the view bar and your view will be updated to show the patches.

By default, patches are cropped so only the label patch is visible, but you can zoom in/out and pan as desired in the image visualizer. If you would like to see the entire image for each patch by default, click on the settings icon and uncheck the Crop to patch setting. The setting is available in both the grid and expanded sample view.

Note

Switching to patches view will create patches for only the contents of your current view, so you can use the view bar and the filters sidebar to select only the content of interest prior to extracting patches.

You can interact with object patches views in the App just like you would with any other view, including:

You can filter and transform objects patches views using the filter sidebar or the view bar
Any modifications to patch label tags that you make via the tagging menu will be reflected on the source dataset

One notable exception is that tagging or untagging patches themselves (as opposed to their labels) will not affect the sample tags of the underlying Sample.

Note

Did you know? You can construct object patches views programmatically via dataset views!

Viewing evaluation patches¶

Whenever you load a dataset in the App that contains object detections on which you have run evaluation, you can use the patches menu to create a view into your data that contains one sample for each true positive, false positive, and false negative example.

To switch to evaluation patches view, simply click the patches icon above the sample grid in the App, toggle to the Evaluations submenu, and then choose the eval_key under which you saved the evaluation results that you want view. After you make a selection, a new ToEvaluationPatches view stage will be appended to the view bar and your view will be updated to show the evaluation patches!

By default, evaluation patches are cropped so only the label(s) that make up the patch are visible, but you can zoom in/out and pan as desired in the image visualizer. If you would like to see the entire image for each patch by default, click on the settings icon and uncheck the Crop to patch setting. The setting is available in both the grid and expanded sample view.

Note

Refer to the evaluation guide guide for more information about running evaluations and using evaluation patches views to analyze object detection models.

You can interact with evaluation patches views in the App just like you would with any other view, including:

You can filter and transform evaluation patches views using the filter sidebar or the view bar
Any modifications to the tags of the ground truth or predicted labels that you make via the tagging menu will be reflected on the source dataset

One notable exception is that tagging or untagging patches themselves (as opposed to their labels) will not affect the sample tags of the underlying Sample.

Note

Switching to evaluation patches view will generate patches for only the contents of the current view, which may differ from the view on which the eval_key evaluation was performed. This may exclude some labels that were evaluated and/or include labels that were not evaluated.

If you would like to see patches for the exact view on which an evaluation was performed, first call load_evaluation_view() to load the view and then convert to patches.

Viewing video clips¶

Whenever you load a video dataset in the App that contains TemporalDetection labels or frame-level label lists such as Detections, you can use the patches menu to create a view into your data that contains one sample per clip defined by a specified label field of your dataset.

To switch to clips view, simply click the patches icon above the sample grid in the App, toggle to the Labels submenu, and then choose the field whose clips you want to view. After you make a selection, a new ToClips view stage will be appended to the view bar and your view will be updated to show the clips.

Creating a clips view for a TemporalDetection or TemporalDetections field will create one sample per temporal detection defined by its [first, last] frame support:

Creating a clips view for a frame-level label list field such as Detections will contain one sample per contiguous range of frames that contains at least one label in the specified field:

Note

Switching to clips view will create clips for only the contents of your current view, so you can use the view bar and the filters sidebar to select only the content of interest prior to extracting clips.

See this section for more information about defining clip views.

When you hover over a clip in the grid view, the clip and its labels will play on loop. Similarly, when you open a clip in the video visualizer, you will see only the clip when you play the video. If you would like to see other segments of the video from which a clip was extracted, simply drag the video scrubber outside the range of the clip.

You can interact with clip views in the App just like you would with any other view, including:

You can filter and transform clip views using the filter sidebar or the view bar
Any modifications to label tags that you make via the tagging menu will be reflected on the source dataset

One notable exception is that tagging or untagging clips themselves (as opposed to their labels) will not affect the sample tags of the underlying Sample.

Note

Did you know? You can construct clip views programmatically via dataset views!

Sorting by visual similarity¶

Whenever you select samples, patches, or labels in the App in a Dataset that has been indexed by visual similarity, you can use the similarity menu in the App to sort or filter your current view based on visual similarity to the chosen image or object.

Note

Refer to the Brain guide for more information about indexing datasets by image/object similarity for use with this feature.

Image similarity¶

Whenever one or more images are selected in the App, the similarity menu icon appears above the grid. If you have indexed the dataset by image similarity, then you will see the brain_key (or multiple keys to choose from) for the applicable indexes in this menu.

Choose the brain_key of interest and click apply, and a new SortBySimilarity view stage will be appended to the view bar and your view will be updated to show the results of the query.

In the menu, you can optionally specify a maximum number of matches to return (k) and whether to sort in order of least similarity rather than most similarity (reverse).

Note

For large datasets, you may notice longer load times the first time you use a similarity index in a session. Subsequent similarity searches will use cached results and will be faster!

Object similarity¶

Whenever one or more labels or patches are selected in the App, the similarity menu icon appears above the sample grid. If you have indexed the dataset by object similarity, then you will see the brain_key (or multiple keys to choose from) for the applicable indexes in this menu.

The typical workflow for object similarity is to first switch to object patches view for the label field of interest. In this view, the similarity menu icon will appear whenever you have selected one or more patches from the grid, and the resulting view will sort the patches according to the similarity of their objects with respect to the objects in the query patches.

Choose the brain_key of interest and click apply, and a new SortBySimilarity view stage will be appended to the view bar and your view will be updated to show the results of the query.

In the menu, you can optionally specify a maximum number of matches to return (k) and whether to sort in order of least similarity rather than most similarity (reverse).

You can also sort by visual similarity to an object from the expanded sample view in the App by selecting an object and then using the similarity menu that appears in the upper-right corner of the modal:

Note

For large datasets, you may notice longer load times the first time you use a similarity index in a session. Subsequent similarity searches will use cached results and will be faster!

Configuring the App¶

The behavior of the App can be configured in various ways. The code sample below shows the basic pattern for customizing the App on a one-off basis:

import fiftyone as fo
import fiftyone.zoo as foz

dataset = foz.load_zoo_dataset("quickstart")

# Create a custom App config
app_config = fo.AppConfig()
app_config.show_confidence = False
app_config.show_label = True

session = fo.launch_app(dataset, config=app_config)

You can also reconfigure a live Session by editing its session.config property and calling session.refresh() to apply the changes:

# Customize the config of a live Session
session.config.show_confidence = True
session.config.show_label = True

# Refresh the session to apply the changes
session.refresh()

See this page for more information about configuring the App.